Ðây là Chương Trình Anh Ngữ Sinh Ðộng New Dynamic English bài 198. Phạm Văn xin kính chào quí vị thính giả. Trước hết, ta hãy nghe lại một đoạn của bài trước, trong đó Gary chỉ cho ta cách nói những lời chúc mừng. Offering a toast is a traditional way to honor someone or to wish someone a good future.=Nâng ly nói lời chúc là một lối cổ truyền để vinh danh người nào hay chúc người nào một tương lai tốt đẹp. Traditional (adj.)=có tính cách cổ truyền.
Different cultures have different ways to make a toast.=các nền văn hóa khác nhau có những cách nâng ly chúc mừng khác nhau. In the United States, you usually make a toast with some kind of alcohol, like beer, whisky or wine.= Ở Mỹ, bạn thường nâng ly uống mừng bằng đồ uống có chất rượu như bia, rượu mạnh huýt-ki hay rượu vang. And if you don’t drink alcohol, it’s OK to use other kinds of drinks, even water, isn’t it? Và nếu bạn không biết uống rượu, bạn có thể dùng những đồ uống khác, nước lạnh cũng được, phải không? If your co-worker has been promoted, you could raise your glass and say: “Congratulations on your promotion!” Nếu bạn đồng nghiệp được thăng trật hay chức, bạn có thể nâng ly và nói: “Mừng bạn được thăng chức.” At meals, it’s common for someone to offer a short toast before anyone drinks anything.=Vào bữa ăn, thông thường thì một người nào đó nói lời chúc ngắn trước khi mọi người bắt đầu uống. Những câu chúc thông thường nhất là: “To your health” hay “Cheers!” Xin nghe:
Cut 1
Culture Tips: Toasts
Larry: Culture Tips
This Culture Tip answers the question: “How do I propose a toast?”
You raise your glass and then propose your toast. Bạn nâng ly và nói lời chúc.
People drink a toast to the health and happiness of the new bride and groom. Bạn uống mừng sức khỏe và hạnh phúc của cô dâu và chú rể.
Eliz: Welcome once again to “Culture Tips” with Gary Engleton.
Today’s e-mail question is, “How do I propose a toast?”
Gary: Well, a toast is a traditional way to honor someone or to wish someone a good future.
Different cultures have different ways to make toasts.
In the United States, you usually make a toast with some kind of alcohol, like beer, whisky, or wine.
You raise your glass and then propose your toast.
And then everybody drinks.
Eliz: And if you don’t drink alcohol, it’s also OK to use other kinds of drinks, even water, isn’t it?
Gary: Yes. Actually, in the US, many people don’t drink alcohol.
Eliz: Gary, could you give us an example of a toast?
Gary: Sure. For example, if your co-worker has been promoted, you could raise your glass and say, “Congratulations on your promotion!”
Eliz: OK.
Gary: Today, toasts are probably most common at weddings.
People drink a toast to the health and happiness of the new bride and groom.
Eliz: And at meals, it’s common for someone to offer a short toast before anyone drinks anything.
Gary: That’s right. They say “To your health.”
Eliz: Or... “Cheers.” “Cheers” is a very common toast.
Gary: So now, I’ll raise my water glass and I’ll toast to the continued success of our Functioning in Business team.
Cheers!
Eliz: Thank you, Gary.
MUSIC
Vietnamese Explanation
Trong phần tới, quí vị nghe một câu rồi tuỳ ý-nghĩa bài học mà trả lời Ðúng hay Sai, True or False.
Cut 2
Language Focus: True/False
Larry: True or False.
Eliz: People propose toasts to honor someone or to wish someone a good future.
(ding)
(pause for answer)
Eliz: True. For example, people drink to good health in the future.
(pause)
Eliz: You have to drink alcohol when you make a toast.
(ding)
(pause for answer)
Eliz: False. In the United States today, you can use other kinds of drinks.
(pause)
MUSIC
Vietnamese Explanation
Trong phần Business Dialog Ðàm thoại Thương Mại, quí vị nghe chuyện một nhóm nhân viên trong công ty bán đàn dương cầm Pierce Pianos đang dự tiệc tối hàng năm. The employees of a small company are having their annual holiday dinner. Bonus=tiền thưởng. This year’s bonus=tiền thưởng năm nay. Director of Operations.=Giám đốc Ðiều hành. You’ve all done a great job.=toàn thể quí vị đã làm việc hoàn hảo. To watch=coi chừng. My job is to watch everyone work.=công việc của tôi là phải để ý, coi chừng mọi người làm việc. You all have been fantastic this year! Toàn thể quí vị đã làm việc tuyệt hảo năm nay. Fantastic=extremely good, wonderful, excellent, super. It’s been a great year! thật là một năm thành công mỹ mãn! Here’s to all of you! Xin nâng ly mừng toàn thể! To good health and prosperity for everyone in the coming year! Chúc ai nấy sang năm đều có sức khoẻ dồi dào và phát đạt! By the way...=nhân tiện đây, tiện thể...
Cut 3
Business Dialog: Proposing a Toast
Larry: Business Dialog
The employees of a small company are having their annual holiday dinner.
Our sales are up fourteen percent from last year and our costs have fallen almost ten percent. Lượng bán ra của chúng ta tăng thêm 14 phần trăm hơn năm ngoái và chi phí giảm gần 10 phần trăm. [fallen=past participle của to fall=giảm, hạ đi.]
Eliz: Let’s listen to today’s Business Dialog.
The employees of Pierce Pianos are having their annual holiday dinner.
SFX: loud conversations and dinner noises
Carol: Excuse me!
SFX: sound of knives clinking on glasses - gradual lowering of voices
Carol: I would like to offer a toast.
As Director of Operations, it’s my job to watch everyone work.
And I can say that you have all been fantastic this year!
It’s been a great year!
SFX: positive noises, low cheering
Carol: Our sales are up fourteen percent from last year and our costs have fallen almost ten percent.
You’ve all done a great job!
So I’d like to propose a toast.
“Here’s to all of you! Thank you for your hard work.”
SFX: clinking of glasses and cheering
SFX: sound of a chair being moved back
Harry: Hello, everyone!
SFX: noise gradually dies away
Harry: As President of Pierce Pianos, I’d like to say that I agree with Carol completely.
Thanks to your efforts, we’ve had a great year.
SFX: cheering
Harry: Let’s all drink “To good health and prosperity for everyone in the coming year!”
SFX: more cheering
Harry: And, by the way, I’d like to say that you’ll all be very pleased with this year’s bonus!
SFX: wild cheering fading off gradually
MUSIC
Vietnamese Explanation
Trong phần tới, ta nghe 3 cách nói khi nâng ly mừng: offer, make, propose. I’d like to offer a toast=I’d like to make a toast.=I’d like to propose a toast.= tôi xin nâng ly nói lời chúc mừng. Thank you for your hard work=cám ơn quí vị đã làm việc tận tuỵ. To good health and prosperity.=chúc quí vị mạnh khỏe và phát tài.
Cut 4
Focus on Functions: Proposing a Toast
Larry: Focus on Functions: Proposing a Toast
Larry: Listen and Repeat.
Eliz: I’d like to offer a toast.
(pause for repeat)
Eliz: I’d like to propose a toast.
(pause for repeat)
Eliz: “Here’s to all of you.”
(pause for repeat)
Eliz: “Thank you for your hard work.”
(pause for repeat)
Eliz: Let’s all drink “To good health and prosperity.”
(pause for repeat)
MUSIC
Vietnamese Explanation
Trong phần tới Gary mách giúp cách nói khi nâng ly mừng. The managers of a small company are addressing their employees at their annual dinner. Các vị quản lý của một công ty nhỏ đang nói với nhân viên của hãng trong buổi tiệc hàng năm. Managers=người quản lý, quản đốc, xếp. To address a meeting=to speak to a group of people=nói với cử tọa. Tap against glasses.=gõ nhẹ vào ly. Let’s all drink “To good health and prosperity for everyone in the coming year!” =nào ta cùng nâng ly uống mừng mọi người được dồi dào sức khỏe và phát tài trong năm tới! To build/built/built=gây, xây dựng. To build both a personal and business relationship=gây mối liên hệ cả về mặt cá nhân lẫn thương mại. To clink=kêu keng-keng. Sound of knives clinking on glasses=tiếng dao gõ nhẹ vào ly (cốc). Gradual=dần dần. Gradual lowering of voices.=tiếng ồn ào giảm dần. To lower=hạ xuống. Lower your voice, the baby is sleeping! Hãy nói khẽ, em bé đang ngủ. Speak up! We can’t hear you! Xin nói to lên, chúng tôi nghe không rõ! I don’t know how you all have done it, but you’ve done a great job.=tôi không biết tất cả các bạn làm cách nào, nhưng các bạn đã làm công việc hoàn hảo.
Cut 5
Gary’s Tips: Proposing a Toast
Larry: Gary’s Tips.
Gary discusses proposing a toast.
UPBEAT MUSIC
Eliz: Now it’s time for Gary’s Tips with Gary Engleton!
Gary: Hello, Elizabeth! Today I’ll be talking about how to propose a toast.
In today’s Business Dialog, the managers of a small company are addressing the employees at their annual dinner.
You can hear the sound of knives tapping against glasses.
This is one way to welcome a speaker and to ask for quiet.
SFX: loud conversations and dinner noises
Carol: Excuse me!
SFX: sound of knives clinking on glasses - gradual lowering of voices
Carol: I would like to offer a toast.
Gary: Carol uses the expression, “I’d like to offer a toast.”
You can also say “I’d like to propose a toast,” as Carol does later.
Carol: Our sales are up fourteen percent from last year and our costs have fallen almost ten percent.
I don’t know how you all have done it, but you’ve done a great job!
So I’d like to propose a toast.
“Here’s to all of you! Thank you for your hard work.”
Gary: In this case, the toast is a kind of thank you.
She thanks the employees for their hard work.
Another common toast is for good health and prosperity, as in this part of the Business Dialog.
Notice that Harry begins his toast with the phrase “Let’s all drink....”
Harry: Let’s all drink “To good health and prosperity for everyone in the coming year!”
Gary: You can also toast to the success of a business relationship, as in the toast that Mr. Blake makes at this dinner with Mr. Chapman and Mr. Gomez:
Blake: I’d like to propose a toast!
To a long and prosperous relationship between Federal Motors and International Robotics.
Gary: Offering a toast is a good way to help build both a personal and business relationship.
I hope today’s tips were helpful!
Eliz: Thank you, Gary!
MUSIC
Closing
Eliz: Well, our time is up. Tune in again next time for Functioning in Business. See you then!
MUSIC
Vietnamese Explanation
Quí vị vừa học xong bài 198 trong Chương Trình Anh Ngữ Sinh Ðộng New Dynamic English. Phạm Văn xin kính chào quí vị và xin hẹn gặp lại trong bài học kế tiếp.